"The American people face no greater or more urgent danger than a terrorist attack with a nuclear weapon."
Learn What to Do
Security experts agree that the threat of nuclear terrorism is real and rising. An attack on a city would kill tens of thousands instantly. But by following two simple steps, prepared communities of citizens can save hundreds of thousands from fatal exposure to radioactive fallout.
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Get to the deepest and strongest shelter you can find.
Speed is critical, so take shelter immediately, before the fallout arrives. Adequate shelter is any basement, or an interior room in brick/concrete buildings. Cars and wood-frame buildings are inadequate for extended shelter but are better than being outside.[1] Shelter-quality rooms in homes and buildings should be stocked with emergency supplies, including a hand-crank radio.
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Stay there until you know it's safe to evacuate.
The better the shelter, the longer you should stay there. Even an hour or two in inadequate shelter, like a car or single-story home, can greatly reduce exposure. If forced to evacuate, move perpendicularly away from any visible fallout. If possible, it is generally best to wait for evacuation instructions, keeping in mind that no official response may be possible for 24-48 hours.[2]
Share With Others
In a crisis, our instinct is often to run — which can be exactly the wrong thing to do in a nuclear attack. But what parents could shelter in place, even to save their own lives, if they feared their child was at risk at school? For people to take life-saving shelter, they have to know their loved ones are safe and doing the same thing. That's why community preparation is critical.
Share this information with your family, friends, co-workers, and online networks, as well as school principals and teachers, congregational leaders, workplace supervisors, and local officials. And encourage them to do the same. With two simple steps, a community might save its city.
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Lead with Knowledge
If you are responsible for your home, a school, congregation, office, or institution, the following documents offer in-depth preparedness information and resources, as well as additional background about nuclear terrorism.
- "Fact Sheet: Nuclear Attack" (National Academies and US Department of Homeland Security)
- "Key Response Planning Factors for the Aftermath of Nuclear Terrorism" [see especially the Executive Summary, pages i-iv], Brooke R Buddemeier and Michael B Dillon (Livermore, CA: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LLNL-TR-410067, August 2009).
- Planning Guidance for Response to a Nuclear Detonation (2nd ed.), FEMA/US Government handbook, June 2010.
- Center for Disease Control, Radiation Emergencies Resources
- Red Cross Emergency Kit Checklist
- Red Cross Shelter-in-place Fact Sheet
- Red Cross Online Store (Emergency supplies)
- Community Emergency Response Team, Interactive Module on Hazardous Materials and Terrorist Incidents
- Citizen Corps Nuclear Incident Fact Sheet
- "The Unexpected Return of 'Duck and Cover'" Glenn Harlan Reynolds, The Atlantic, 4 January 2011.
- "U.S. Rethinks Strategy for the Unthinkable" William J. Broad, New York Times, 15 December 2010.
- "Regional Health and Public Health Preparedness for Nuclear Terrorism: Optimizing Survival in a Low Probability/High Consequence Disaster" I. Redlener, A. Garrett, K. Levin, and A. Mener, (New York: Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 2010).
- Irwin Redlener's TED talk: Surviving a Nuclear Attack.